Question: What Does A Sinusoidal Pattern Indicate?

SINUSOIDAL PATTERN It indicates severe fetal anemia, as occurs in cases of Rh disease or severe hypoxia.

What causes sinusoidal pattern?

FETAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SHR PATTERN: SHR pattern has been reported with the following fetal conditions: (1) severe fetal anemia of several etiologies; (2) effects of drugs, particularly narcotics; (3) fetal asphyxia/hypoxia; (4) fetal infection; (5) fetal cardiac anomalies; (6) fetal sleep cycles; and (7)

What drugs cause sinusoidal pattern?

Other narcotics, such as butorphanol and nalbuphine, cause a sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern that can mimic signs of hypoxia, although these drugs do not cause hypoxic injury. Lorazepam sometimes is used to potentiate the effects of opioids and provide anxiolysis.

What causes sinusoidal CTG?

The pathophysiological basis of the sinusoidal pattern is incompletely understood, but it occurs in association with severe fetal anemia, as is found in anti-D allo-immunisation, fetal-maternal hemorrhage, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and ruptured vasa praevia.

What category is a sinusoidal pattern?

Category III: Abnormal The new NICHD guidelines label four FHR patterns as abnormal. One of the abnormal patterns is a sinusoidal heart rate, defined as a pattern of regular variability resembling a sine wave, with fixed periodicity of 3–5 cycles/ min and amplitude of 5–40 bpm.

Why are sinusoidal signals important?

One reason for the importance of sinusoids is that they are fundamental in physics. Many physical systems that resonate or oscillate produce quasi-sinusoidal motion. Another reason sinusoids are important is that they are eigenfunctions of linear systems (which we’ll say more about in §4.1. 4).

What does sinusoidal fetal heart rate mean?

SINUSOIDAL PATTERN It indicates severe fetal anemia, as occurs in cases of Rh disease or severe hypoxia.

How long does sinusoidal pattern last?

These authors noted that SHR pattern appeared approximately 19 min following alphaprodine administration and persisted for approximately 60 min. All infants were delivered with normal 5-minute Apgar scores without any perinatal deaths. In 27 cases of sinusoidal FHR pattern during labor, Ayromlooi et al.

What are fetal causes of fetal tachycardia?

The fetal tachycardia causes include maternal fever, dehydration or anxiety, maternal ketosis, medications like anticholinergic medications, sympathomimetic medications like terbutaline, fetal movement, preterm fetus, maternal thyrotoxicosis and maternal anaemia¹.

What causes high fetal heart rate?

Hyperthyroidism secondary to thyroid stimulating antibodies, fever associated with systemic infections and substance abuse may result in an increase in the fetal heart rate above the normal range. Beta-agonists used in the treatment of asthma or for tocolysis can cross the placenta and cause a fetal tachycardia.

What is sinusoidal pattern in Ctg?

A sinusoidal pattern is an oscillating pattern which is typically smooth and regular. It has a relatively fixed period of 2-5 cycles per minute and has an amplitude of between 5 and 15 bpm around the baseline rate. Baseline variability is absent and there are no accelerations.

How do you read CTGS?

To interpret a CTG you need a structured method of assessing its various characteristics. The most popular structure can be remembered using the acronym DR C BRAVADO:

1. DR: Define risk.
2. C: Contractions.
3. BRa: Baseline rate.
4. V: Variability.
5. A: Accelerations.
6. D: Decelerations.
7. O: Overall impression.

What does suspicious CTG mean?

8.3 Suspicious If the CTG trace is categorised as suspicious: • Correct any underlying causes, such as hypotension or uterine hyperstimulation. • Perform a full set of maternal observations. • Start one or more conservative measures. • Inform an obstetrician or a senior midwife.

What reliably excludes fetal acidosis?

Moderate variability is thought to be a reassuring finding as it reliably excludes significant hypoxia and acidosis.

What is abnormal FHR?

A fixed or flat FHR pattern might be indicative of congenital malformations of the brain or of prenatally acquired encephalopathy. Several studies have shown that antepartum FHR abnormalities (usually late decelerations) are associated with an increased risk of subsequent handicap.

What causes low baseline fetal heart rate?

The most common causes of intrapartum bradycardia include poor uterine perfusion, maternal hypotension (e.g. after epidural placement), umbilical cord prolapse or occlusion, rapid fetal descent, tachysystole, placental abruption, or uterine rupture.