Where Does Dna Replication Occur In Eukaryotes And Prokaryotes?

Comparisons between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication

Prokaryotic DNA Replication	Eukaryotic DNA replication
Occurs inside the cytoplasm	Occurs inside the nucleus
Only one origin of replication per molecule of DNA	Have many origins of replication in each chromosome

6

Do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells do DNA replication?

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA undergo replication by the enzyme DNA polymerase. The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA is that prokaryotic DNA is found in the cytoplasm whereas eukaryotic DNA is packed into the nucleus of the cell.

Where does DNA occur in eukaryotes?

In eukaryotic cells, most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (though some DNA is also contained in other organelles, such as in the mitochondria and the chloroplast in plants). Nuclear DNA is organized into linear molecules called chromosomes.

What phase does DNA replication occur in prokaryotes?

Most cells are observed in Interphase, the longest part of the cell cycle. After acquiring sufficient size and ATP, the cells then undergo DNA Synthesis (replication of the original DNA molecules, making identical copies, one “new molecule” eventually destined for each new cell) which occurs during the S phase.

Where does DNA replication occur?

DNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Regardless of where DNA replication occurs, the basic process is the same. The structure of DNA lends itself easily to DNA replication. Each side of the double helix runs in opposite (anti-parallel) directions.

How does DNA replication in prokaryotes?

DNA Replication in Prokaryotes: A replication fork is formed when helicase separates the DNA strands at the origin of replication. DNA ligase seals the gaps between the Okazaki fragments, joining the fragments into a single DNA molecule. The replication fork moves at the rate of 1000 nucleotides per second.

Where is DNA in prokaryotic cells?

The DNA in prokaryotes is contained in a central area of the cell called the nucleoid, which is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Many prokaryotes also carry small, circular DNA molecules called plasmids, which are distinct from the chromosomal DNA and can provide genetic advantages in specific environments.

Where is the site of DNA replication in eukaryotes?

Eukaryotic DNA replication requires multiple replication forks, while prokaryotic replication uses a single origin to rapidly replicate the entire genome. DNA replication always occurs in the nucleus.

Where is topoisomerase located?

Topoisomerase is also found in the mitochondria of cells. The mitochondria generate ATP as well as playing a role in programmed cell death and aging. The mitochondrial DNA of animal cells is a circular, double-stranded DNA that requires the activity of topoisomerase to be replicated.

How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA different?

Prokaryotes contain circular DNA in addition to smaller, transferable DNA plasmids. Eukaryotic cells contain mitochondrial DNA in addition to nuclear DNA. Eukaryotes separate replicated chromosomes by mitosis, using cytoskeletal proteins, whereas prokaryotes divide more simply via binary fission.

How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA similar?

Similarities between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic DNA Ø The DNA is double stranded and helical in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Ø The replication of DNA is more or less similar in both groups. Ø In both groups extra chromosomal genetic materials are present (plasmids in prokaryotes and mtDNA and cpDNA in eukaryoes).

Which processes occur in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation take place in different cellular compartments: transcription takes place in the membrane-bounded nucleus, whereas translation takes place outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, the two processes are closely coupled (Figure 28.15).

Is DNA replication bidirectional in eukaryotes?

As with prokaryotes, DNA replication in eukaryotic cells is bidirectional. However, unlike the circular DNA in prokaryotic cells that usually has a single origin of replication, the linear DNA of a eukaryotic cell contains multiple origins of replication (Figure 19.5.

Where does DNA replication occur quizlet?

DNA replication occurs inside the cell’s nucleus. Each DNA strand in a humans “double helix” structure DNA is anti-parallel to the other.