Quick Answer: What Meds Can Cause Nms?

Causes. NMS is usually caused by antipsychotic drug use, and a wide range of drugs can result in NMS. Individuals using butyrophenones (such as haloperidol and droperidol) or phenothiazines (such as promethazine and chlorpromazine) are reported to be at greatest risk.

What medications cause NMS?

The primary trigger of NMS is dopamine receptor blockade and the standard causative agent is an antipsychotic. Potent typical neuroleptics such as haloperidol, fluphenazine, chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine, and prochlorperazine have been most frequently associated with NMS and thought to confer the greatest risk.

Which class of medication is associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

All classes of antipsychotics have been associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome, including low-potency neuroleptics, high-potency neuroleptics, and the newer (or atypical) antipsychotics. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome has been reported most frequently in patients taking haloperidol and chlorpromazine.

Can antidepressants cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Like NMS, SS often occurs when beginning a new drug or increasing the dosage of a current drug. Many drugs can cause the condition, but it’s most often associated with antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

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Which medication poses the greatest risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Nearly all antipsychotic medications have been associated with the development of neuroleptic malignant syndrome; however, high-potency antipsychotics pose the greatest risk. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare condition, occurring in about 0.01% to 0.02% of those taking antipsychotics.

How can you prevent NMS?

The most important aspect of treatment is prevention. This includes reducing risk factors (e.g. dehydration, agitation and exhaustion), early recognition of suspected cases and prompt discontinuation of the offending agent.

What are the symptoms of NMS?

Symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome usually include very high fever (102 to 104 degrees F), irregular pulse, accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia), increased rate of respiration (tachypnea), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic nervous system dysfunction resulting in high or low blood pressure,

What antipsychotics cause NMS?

Any antipsychotic drug can cause NMS. Doctors call the newer antipsychotic drugs “atypical antipsychotics.” They include:

  • Aripiprazole (Abilify)
  • Asenapine (Saphris)
  • Brexpiprazole (Rexulti)
  • Cariprazine (Vraylar)
  • Clozapine (Clozaril)
  • Iloperidone (Fanapt)
  • Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
  • Paliperidone (Invega)

Which increases the risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome NMS )?

Use of high-potency neuroleptics, a rapid increase in the dosage of neuroleptics, and use of long-acting forms of neuroleptics are all known to increase the risk of developing NMS.

How do you test for NMS?

No laboratory test result is diagnostic for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Approach Considerations

  1. Complete blood count (CBC)
  2. Blood cultures.
  3. Liver function tests (LFTs)
  4. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels.
  5. Calcium and phosphate levels.
  6. Creatine kinase (CK) level.
  7. Serum iron level.
  8. Urine myoglobin level.
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Can escitalopram cause NMS?

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): Escitalopram, like other similar medications that act on serotonin, can cause a potentially fatal syndrome known as neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS).

Can Zoloft cause neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

Additionally, a few case reports have suggested an association between NMS and the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) alone or in combination with antipsychotics. This case report presents a female patient developing NMS following the use of a combination of sertraline and paroxetine.

How do you reverse neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

The symptoms reverse with reinstitution of therapy, and benzodiazepines may be helpful. A central anticholinergic syndrome most often associated with intended or inadvertent drug overdose is better known. Patients present with encephalopathy and elevated body temperatures that are usually not as severe as NMS.

What is NMS in medical terms?

A life-threatening condition that may be caused by certain drugs used to treat mental illness, nausea, or vomiting. Symptoms include high fever, sweating, unstable blood pressure, confusion, and stiffness. Also called neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

What anesthesia causes malignant hyperthermia?

Triggering Agents According to the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States (MHAUS), the following agents approved for use in the U.S. are known triggers of MH: inhaled general anesthetics, halothane, desflurane, enflurane, ether, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and succinylcholine.

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